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26 Jul, 2022
We live in an automated world, where most
systems, such as industrial automation, housing, and other business sectors,
are becoming automated. Home automation systems are a step forward in mechanization
processes in which human work is required with machinery equipment to run
various loads in houses.
We live in an automated world, where most
systems, such as industrial automation, housing, and other business sectors,
are becoming automated. Home automation systems are a step forward in mechanization
processes in which human work is required with machinery equipment to run
various loads in houses.
The automation entails automatic control of
the house appliances using various controllers like Alexa or Google Home.
Home automation simplifies the home process
and saves energy by automating the operation of numerous household appliances.
Home automation system comes with the energy-saving idea too. It entails the
automatic control of all electrical or electronic gadgets in the home or
remotely via wireless communication.
This system allows for centralized control
of lighting, air conditioning and heating, audio/video systems, security
systems, kitchen appliances, and all other equipment used in home systems.
A home automation system is primarily
comprised of sensors, and controlling devices. Light, motion, temperature, and
other detecting components are detected by the sensors and transmitted to the
primary controlling devices.
These sensors include thermistors,
photodetectors, level sensors, pressure sensors, current transformers, infrared
sensors, and other devices that require additional signal conditioning
equipment to connect with the main controller.
Controllers can be personal
computers/laptops, touchpads, cellphones, or other devices connected to
control devices such as programmable logic controllers that receive input
from sensors and control the actuators based on the program.
This software can be altered depending on
the load actions. The programmable controller enables the connection of
numerous sensors and actuators via analogue or digital input and output
modules.
The implementation of home automation is dependent on the type of controls used, such as wired or wireless. Home automation systems are classified into three types:
1. Home Automation Using Power Lines
2. BUS Cable or Wired Automation
3. Wireless home automation
Home automation using power lines
This automation is affordable and does not require extra connections to transport data; instead, it uses existing power lines. However, this system is extremely complex and requires extra converter circuits and devices.
2.
BUS Cable or Wired
Automation
All of the household equipment is connected
to the main controller via a communication wire in this sort of automation. The
equipment is outfitted with actuators that allow it to interface with the main
controller. The computer, which is always communicating with the main
controller, centralizes all processes.
Wireless home automation
This is the extension and advancement of
wired automation, which employs wireless technologies like as IR, Zigbee,
Wi-Fi, GSM, Bluetooth, and others to achieve remote control.
For example, GSM-based home automation
allows for the control of home devices via SMS to the GSM modem. The following
home automation system project, in which loads are managed by a touch panel, is
a good example.
This touch-screen-based home automation
project illustrates how we can incorporate automation in our houses at a lesser
cost. A microcontroller is coupled to the light loads in this system to control
them. A touch screen on the controlling side allows any user to submit command
signals to operate the loads.
These signals are sent to the
microcontroller, which delivers the command signals to the encoder circuit
based on the program. This data is converted into the binary format by an encoder
and then sent to an RF transmitter, from whence it is relayed to the receiver
portion.