3 Types Of Home Automation System (Explained)

We live in an automated world, where most systems, such as industrial automation, housing, and other business sectors, are becoming automated. Home automation systems are a step forward in mechanization processes in which human work is required with machinery equipment to run various loads in houses.

The automation entails automatic control of the house appliances using various controllers like Alexa or Google Home.

What is A Home Automation System?

Home automation simplifies the home process and saves energy by automating the operation of numerous household appliances. Home automation system comes with the energy-saving idea too. It entails the automatic control of all electrical or electronic gadgets in the home or remotely via wireless communication.

This system allows for centralized control of lighting, air conditioning and heating, audio/video systems, security systems, kitchen appliances, and all other equipment used in home systems.

A home automation system is primarily comprised of sensors, and controlling devices. Light, motion, temperature, and other detecting components are detected by the sensors and transmitted to the primary controlling devices.

These sensors include thermistors, photodetectors, level sensors, pressure sensors, current transformers, infrared sensors, and other devices that require additional signal conditioning equipment to connect with the main controller.

Controllers can be personal computers/laptops, touchpads, cellphones, or other devices connected to control devices such as programmable logic controllers that receive input from sensors and control the actuators based on the program.

This software can be altered depending on the load actions. The programmable controller enables the connection of numerous sensors and actuators via analogue or digital input and output modules.

Types of Home Automation Systems

The implementation of home automation is dependent on the type of controls used, such as wired or wireless. Home automation systems are classified into three types:

1. Home Automation Using Power Lines

2. BUS Cable or Wired Automation

3. Wireless home automation

 Home automation using power lines

This automation is affordable and does not require extra connections to transport data; instead, it uses existing power lines. However, this system is extremely complex and requires extra converter circuits and devices.

2.       BUS Cable or Wired Automation

All of the household equipment is connected to the main controller via a communication wire in this sort of automation. The equipment is outfitted with actuators that allow it to interface with the main controller. The computer, which is always communicating with the main controller, centralizes all processes.

 Wireless home automation

This is the extension and advancement of wired automation, which employs wireless technologies like as IR, Zigbee, Wi-Fi, GSM, Bluetooth, and others to achieve remote control.

For example, GSM-based home automation allows for the control of home devices via SMS to the GSM modem. The following home automation system project, in which loads are managed by a touch panel, is a good example.

Home Automation System with a Touch Screen

This touch-screen-based home automation project illustrates how we can incorporate automation in our houses at a lesser cost. A microcontroller is coupled to the light loads in this system to control them. A touch screen on the controlling side allows any user to submit command signals to operate the loads.

These signals are sent to the microcontroller, which delivers the command signals to the encoder circuit based on the program. This data is converted into the binary format by an encoder and then sent to an RF transmitter, from whence it is relayed to the receiver portion.